official / national language
Identify the difference between national language and official language is a rather delicate task of? Especially since we don? Have not found references in sociolinguistics as part of the answer unsatisfactory. Nevertheless, we will venture to propose a definition as complete as possible. Before it seems we need to mention that the level of debate on the future of languages in Morocco, and especially the situation of? Amazigh, two current distinguished themselves Over the years, the first claiming the entrenchment of the language as official language, and sees that the second eye would be better that? it is acknowledged as a national language in the constitution. We try to find a nice clear and precise definition of these two concepts, but in vain; we go? S assumption that because these claims are more political than scientific, it is the fate of sociolinguists s? Inquire about this task.
A national language, for us, would be a language used by a majority or a minority? Individuals within? Same nation, it? Is a language commonly spoken and vehicular and has a strong connotation identity and may be written, but she didn? is not the way of written notification of official bodies, especially the? administration.
A language is a language that is specifically designated as such in the Constitution or laws of a country, state or any organization.
It is the means of written notification of official bodies and the? Administration.
Thus, we raise these definitions that the essential difference between national and official language is at the legal level, the second is mentioned in the constitution or laws of the country as such, while the second does l? is not. However, countries have taken the step, usually for political reasons and have mentioned in their constitution? S existence official language alongside? A national language, it? Is the case? Algeria recently.
Half of the world have an official language.
Some of them acknowledge a single official language, in the case of Morocco, France, Germany and Albania.
Some countries have multiple official languages, such as Finland, Switzerland, Canada, and Afghanistan.
In several countries, like Italy, Spain, or Iraq, there is an official language for the country, but other languages are co-official in some regions.
Some countries like the United States of America, have no official language, but there are official languages in some states that compose them.
Finally, some countries have no official language, and Eritrea, Sweden and the United Kingdom.
The existence of only one official language does not imply that it is the only language, nor is it one of the most spoken mother tongues. Thus in some countries in Africa and the Philippines, official languages and teaching (English or French), inherited from colonialism, are not national languages or more spoken. Similarly, in Arab countries, the official language is Arabic while the literal language is an Arabic dialect (language after Arabic but as different evolved locally) or even a completely different language (Tamazight, Kurdish) . Last example, the Republic of Ireland has adopted Gaelic as the official national language, while it is actually spoken by a small proportion of the population, while having a legal status language school (English), is the language spoken by the majority.
Some international organizations have also official languages and / or working languages. So the UN has has six official languages? Arabic, English, Chinese, English, French, Russian? which are the most widely understood languages in the world, even in areas where we do not speak spontaneously, and all its work and discussions are transcribed in the six official languages.
The European Union is a very interesting case because by nature she does not favor the language of any state, and therefore recognizes a multitude of languages.
